The processing process of plastic raw materials is mainly the melting, flow, and cooling of the rubber particles into finished products. It is a process of heating and then cooling. It is also the process of changing the plastic from particles to different shapes. The processing will be explained from the perspectives of different stages process.
1.Melting
The heater of the device allows the raw material particles to gradually melt into a fluid flow, which is mainly suitable for temperature adjustment of different raw materials. Increasing the temperature will tend to speed up the flow of raw materials, which can increase efficiency but may not guarantee yield. It must be suitable Balance. In addition, the good effect and the characteristics of high thermal cracking of PP are that it is best to make the raw materials smoothly flow to the die during production to avoid insufficient filling or backflow. Backflow means that the flow of raw materials is faster than the output rate. An increase in average flow efficiency is equal to an increase in MFR, which is one of the available methods for processing, but it also causes abnormal MFR distribution, which may lead to increased instability, which may increase the defect rate. However, PP finished products are not products with high dimensional precision because of application, so the impact is not big.
2. Screw
Most of the PP processing is driven by the screw to drive fluidity, so the design of the screw has a great influence. The size of the diameter affects the output, and the compression ratio affects the pressure value and the output and the effect of the finished product. This also includes a variety of materials. (Color masterbatches, additives and modifiers) mixing effect. The raw material flow mainly depends on the heater, but the frictional heat of the raw material will also generate frictional heat to accelerate the fluidity, so the screw compression ratio is small and the flow is small, and the rotation speed must be increased. The frictional heat will be more than that of the screw with a large compression ratio. Therefore, it is often said that there is no master in plastic processing, and the person who carefully understands the performance of the machine is the master. The heating of raw materials is not only a heater, but also the frictional heat and suffocation time. So this is a practical problem, and experience helps solve production problems and efficiency. If the screw needs to have a particularly good mixing effect, sometimes two-stage different screws or twin-shaft screws are designed and different types of screws are divided into sections to achieve various mixing effects.
3. Mold or die head
Plastic reshaping relies on the mold or die head. The injection molded product is three-dimensional, and the mold is more complicated. The shrinkage rate must be considered. The others are flat, strip, and needle-shaped continuous product die heads. If they are special shapes, It is classified as heterogeneous and needs to pay attention to the problem of cooling and shaping immediately. Most of the plastic machines are designed like injection syringes, and the extrusion force driven by the screw will cause huge pressure on the small outlets, improving production efficiency. When the die head is designed as a plane, how to distribute the raw materials evenly on the entire surface, the design of the hanger die head is very important, and the exquisite pressing opportunity increases the stable raw material supply of the fish gill pump.
4. Cooling
In addition to the sprue gate pouring raw materials, the injection mold also has a cooling water channel cooling raw material design. The extrusion molding relies on the cooling water channel in the roller to achieve the cooling effect, except for the air knife, the cooling water is directly poured on the blowing bag, and the cooling method such as hollow blowing.
5. Extension
The reprocessing and extension of the finished product will enhance the effect. For example, the strapping belt is driven by the front and rear rollers at different speeds to cause the extension effect. The tensile strength of the oriented extension part of the finished product is strengthened and it is not easy to tear, but it is very easy to tear in the horizontal direction. The molecular weight distribution also affects the extension effect during high-speed production. All extruded products including fibers have different extensions. Vacuum and pressure forming can also be regarded as another form of extension.
6. Shrink
Any raw material has the problem of shrinkage. The shrinkage is caused by thermal expansion and cold shrinkage and internal stress generated during crystal formation. Generally speaking, thermal expansion and contraction are easier to overcome. It can be done by extending the cooling time in processing, and continuing to maintain the pressure. The crystalline raw material often has a larger shrinkage difference than the amorphous material, which is about one thousandth for PP. Sixteen, but ABS is only about four thousandths. This part of the difference is very big. This part has to be overcome on the mold, or additives that reduce shrinkage are often added to overcome the problem of LDPE is often added to the extruded plate to improve the necking problem.
GTMSMART Machinery thermoforming machines:
Post time: Nov-18-2020